The Annals of Internal Medicine

Anti-Ri Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome in Breast Cancer: An a Typical Case and Contemporary Review

Correspondence to Author: Fernando Gonzalez Trujillo 1*, Tomas de los Milagros Rengifo Sandoval 2, Karol Yulissa Cano García 3. 

1 MD Clinical Neurology, Neuro-Oncology, MSc in Neuroscience, Clínica de Occidente, S.A., Centro Integral de Cáncer, Santiago de Cali, Colombia; Email: fernando.gonzaleztrujillo@gmail.com
2 MD Coloproctology Assistant. Clínica de Occidente, S.A., Santiago de Cali, Colombia; Email: tomasrengifo93@gmail.com
3 MD Emergency Medicine, MD Neurology-Neurosurgery Assistant, Clinica de Occidente, S.A., Santiago de Cali, Colombia; Email: karolcanog.24@gmail.com

DOI: 10.52338/taoim.2025.5230

Abstract:

Background: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) associated with anti-Ri antibodies are characterized by a low prevalence and are frequently overlooked. They are typically associated with breast tumors and exhibit significant variability in clinical presentation.
Objective: To describe an atypical case of anti-Ri PNS in a patient with breast cancer and to review the current literature on its clinical spectrum, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic approaches.
Methods: We present a case study of a patient with breast carcinoma associated with anti-Ri antibodies. A narrative review of the literature was conducted using PubMed and Scopus (2000-2024) with the terms “anti-Ri,” “paraneoplastic neurological syndrome,” and “breast cancer”.
Statistical Analysis: Measures of central tendency and deviation were employed to describe the data as tables (Mean, SD, median, range, %difference, etc.) and graphs (boxplots, etc.)
Results:Symptoms partially improved with immunotherapy but persisted despite oncologic treatment. Fewer cases of anti-Ri PNS were identified in the literature, with extrapyramidal involvement reported in only a minority, and with limited response to immunomodulatory therapy
Limitations: This is a single case report with a narrative review; potential selection bias in the literature cannot be excluded.
Conclusion: Anti-Ri PNs may present with atypical extrapyramidal features in patients with breast cancer. Early recognition is critical, as timely diagnosis may guide oncologic and immunologic management, although prognosis remains guarded.

Keywords: Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome; anti-Ri antibodies; central nervous system; cerebellar ataxia; autoimmune response.

Citation:

Dr. Fernando Gonzalez Trujillo, Anti-Ri Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome in Breast Cancer: An a Typical Case and Contemporary Review. The Annals of Internal Medicine 2025.

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